Protein Kinase Classification:      Other      TLK

※ TLK family introduction

    TLK (Tousled-like kinase) are classified into "Other" group (1). TLKs are originally found to encode a ser/thr kinase that is essential for proper flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Two homologues have been found in human genome, known as TLK1 and TLK2. Two TLKs share 84% similarity with each other and almost 50% with Arabidopsis TLK. All three TKLs contain nuclear localization signals and predicted coiled-coil regions in N-terminal. The mammalian TLKs share some similar function properties with plant TLK, including a broad expression and preference to similar substrates. In addition, human TLKs play important roles in regulation of cell cycle and reach the maximal activities in S phase (2).

Reference
1. Manning, G., Whyte, D.B., Martinez, R., Hunter, T. and Sudarsanam, S. (2002) The protein kinase complement of the human genome. Science, 298, 1912-1934. PMID: 12471243
2. Sillje, H.H., Takahashi, K., Tanaka, K., Van Houwe, G. and Nigg, E.A. (1999) Mammalian homologues of the plant Tousled gene code for cell-cycle-regulated kinases with maximal activities linked to ongoing DNA replication . EMBO J, 18, 5691-5702. PMID: 10523312


Other TLK in eukaryotes:

Ailuropoda melanoleuca (2)Anolis carolinensis (2)Arabidopsis lyrata (1)
Arabidopsis thaliana (1)Bos taurus (2)Brachypodium distachyon (1)
Brassica rapa (2)Caenorhabditis elegans (1)Callithrix jacchus (2)
Canis familiaris (2)Cavia porcellus (2)Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1)
Ciona intestinalis (1)Ciona savignyi (1)Cyanidioschyzon merolae (1)
Danio rerio (3)Drosophila melanogaster (1)Equus caballus (2)
Felis catus (2)Gadus morhua (2)Gallus gallus (2)
Gasterosteus aculeatus (4)Glycine max (2)Gorilla gorilla (3)
Homo sapiens (2)Hordeum vulgare (1)Ictidomys tridecemlineatus (2)
Latimeria chalumnae (1)Loxodonta africana (2)Macaca mulatta (2)
Meleagris gallopavo (1)Monodelphis domestica (1)Mus musculus (2)
Musa acuminata (2)Mustela putorius furo (2)Myotis lucifugus (2)
Nomascus leucogenys (3)Oreochromis niloticus (4)Ornithorhynchus anatinus (2)
Oryctolagus cuniculus (2)Oryza brachyantha (1)Oryza glaberrima (1)
Oryza indica (1)Oryza sativa (1)Oryzias latipes (4)
Otolemur garnettii (2)Pan troglodytes (3)Pelodiscus sinensis (1)
Petromyzon marinus (2)Physcomitrella patens (1)Pongo abelii (2)
Populus trichocarpa (2)Rattus norvegicus (1)Sarcophilus harrisii (2)
Selaginella moellendorffii (2)Setaria italica (1)Solanum lycopersicum (1)
Solanum tuberosum (1)Sorghum bicolor (1)Sus scrofa (2)
Taeniopygia guttata (2)Takifugu rubripes (4)Tetraodon nigroviridis (4)
Vitis vinifera (1)Xenopus tropicalis (2)Xiphophorus maculatus (4)
Zea mays (2)